Историјски часопис књ. 72 (2023)
The Historical Review, vol. 72 (2023)

Filip Van Tricht

BEING BYZANTINE IN THE POST-1204 EMPIRE OF CONSTANTINOPLE: CONTINUITY AND CHANGE (SOCIETY AND CULTURE)

>>> download article (.pdf)


DOI: 10.34298/IC2372067T

UDC: 94(459.02)”12”

pp. 67–116

language: english


Abstract:

The impact of the Latin conquest of Constantinople has often been treated from either the perspective of the Western newcomers who established themselves in various Byzantine territories, or from the perspective of the Byzantines who left the regions that came under Latin control and who managed to establish themselves elsewhere (Nicaea, Epiros, Trebizond). In this contribution the momentous consequences of the Fourth Crusade are addressed from the perspective of those Byzantines that came under Latin rule. By zooming in on a selection of individuals and subgroups a picture is sketched of the varied Byzantine experience within the confines of the (Latin) Empire of Constantinople after 1204. Attention will be given to the various – political, religious, socio-economic and cultural – spheres of society. The focus is on the capital and the region around Constantinople, but other regions come into view as well (Thessaloniki, Adrianople, Philippopolis, Achaia/Morea, Attica, Beotia, Euobia, Crete, etc.). Chronologically this contribution is primarily limited to the period until the loss of Latin Constantinople in 1261.

Keywords:

Byzantium – Frankokratia – Latin Romania – political history – church history – cultural history

Филип Ван Трихт

БИТИ ВИЗАНТИНАЦ У ЦАРСТВУ У ЦАРИГРАДУ НАКОН 1204. ГОДИНЕ: КОНТИНУИТЕТ И ПРОМЕНА (ДРУШТВО И КУЛТУРА)

>>> Преузмите чланак (.pdf)


DOI: 10.34298/IC2372067T

УДК: 94(459.02)”12”

стр. 67–116

језик: енглески


Aпстракт:

Утицај латинског освајања Цариграда често је разматран или из перспективе западних дошљака који су се настанили у различитим византијским областима или из перспективе Византинаца који су напустили области које су пале под контролу Латина и населили се на другим местима (у Никеји, Епиру, Трапезунту). У овом раду, значајне последице Четвртог крсташког рата сагледавају се из перспективе оних Византинаца који су пали под власт Латина. Стављањем тежишта на одређене појединце и подгрупе, дата је слика различитих византијских искустава у оквирима (Латинског) царства у Цариграду након 1204. године. Пажња је посвећена различитим – политичким, религијским, друштвено-привредним и културним – сферама друштва. Акценат је стављен на престоницу и област око Цариграда, али су размотрене и друге области (Солун, Хадријанопољ, Филипољ, Ахаја/Мореја, Атика, Беотија, Еубеја, Крит итд.). Рад је хронолошки ограничен пре свега на период до губитка латинског Цариграда 1261. године.

Кључне речи:

Византија, франкократија, латинска Романија, политичка историја, црквена историја, културна историја.

ЛИСТА РЕФЕРЕНЦИ – LIST OF REFERENCES

Published Primary Sources

Alexander IV, Les registres (1254–1261), Charles Bourel de la Roncière, ed., Registres des papes du XIIIe siècle, Paris 1896–1959.

Bees Nikos A., “Eine politisches Treubekenntnis von Benedictus, dem römisch-katholischen Bischof von Kefalonia (1228),” Byzantinisch-neugriechische Jahrbücher 3 (1922) 165–176.

Cathalogus et cronica principum et comitum Flandrie et Forestariorum, Joseph-Jean De Smet, ed., Recueil des chroniques de Flandre, Bruxelles 1837.

Chronicon universalis anonymi Laudunensis, Georg Waitz, ed., Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Series Scriptorum 26, Hannover 1882.

Demetrios Chomatenos, Ponemata Diaphora, Günther Prinzing, ed., Corpus Fontium Historiae Byzantinae. Series Berolinensis 38, Berlin 2002.

Duchesne André, ed., Historiae Francorum Scriptores, vol. 5, Paris 1649.

Ephraem Aenius, Historia Chronica, ed. Odysseus Lampsides, Corpus Fontium Historiae Byzantinae. Series Athenienis 27, Athens 1990.

Georgios Akropolites, Historia, August Heisenberg, ed., Georgii Acropolitae Opera 1, Leipzig 1903.

Georgios Pachymeres, Relations historiques, Albert Failler, (ed., and Vitalien Laurent, tr., Corpus Fontium Historiae Byzantinae. Series Parisienses 24/1–2, Paris 1984.

Gregorius IX, Les registres, Lucien Auvray, Suzanne Clémencet and Louis Carolus-Barré, eds., Registres des papes du XIIIe siècle, Paris 1890–1955.

Gunther of Paris, Hystoria Constantinopolitana, Peter Orth, ed., Spolia Berolinensia. Berliner Beiträge zur Mediävistik 5, Hildesheim 1994.

Henri de Valenciennes, Histoire de l’empereur Henri de Constantinople, Jean Longnon, ed., Documents relatifs à l’histoire des croisades 2, Paris 1948.

Honorius III and Gregorius IX, Acta, Aloysius L. Tautu, ed., Pontificia Commissio ad redigendum Codicem Iuris Canonici Orientalis. Fontes. Series 3, vol. 3, Città del Vaticano 1950.

Honorius III, Bullarium Hellenicum. Letters to Frankish Greece and Constantinople, William O. Duba and Christopher C. Schabel, eds., Mediterranean Nexus 1100–1700, Leuven 2015.

Innocentius III, Regesta, Jacques-Paul Migne, ed., Patrologia Latina 214–217, Roma 1855.

Innocentius III, Acta, Theodosius T. Haluscynskyj, ed., Pontificia commissio ad redigendum Codicem Iuris Canonici Orientalis. Fontes. Series 3, vol. 2, Città del Vaticano 1944.

Innocentius IV, Les registres (1243–1254), Elie Berger, ed., Registres des papes du XIIIe siècle, Paris 1884–1921.

Innocentius IV, Acta, Theodosius T. Haluscynskyj and Meletius Wojnar, eds., Pontificia commissio ad redigendum codicem iuris canonici Orientalis. Fontes. Series 3, vol. 4/1, Città del Vaticano 1962.

Les Assises de Romanie, George Recoura, ed., Bibliothèque de l’Ecole des Hautes-Etudes. Section philologique et historique 258, Paris 1930.

Libro de los fechos et conquistas del Principado de la Morea, Alfred Morel-Fatio, ed., Société de l’Orient latin. Série historique 4, Genève 1885.

Livre de la Conquête de la Princée de l’Amorée. Chronique de Morée (1204–1305), Jean Longnon, ed., Paris 1911.

Laurent Vitalien, ed., Les Regestes des Actes du Patriarcat de Constantinople. Vol. 1: Les actes des patriarches. Fasc. 4: Les regestes de 1208 à 1309, Paris 1971.

Lemerle Paul, André Guillou, Nicolas Svoronos, and Denise Papachryssanthou, eds., Actes de Lavra IV, Archives de l’Athos 11, Paris 1982.

Longnon Jean and Peter Topping, eds., Documents sur le régime des terres dans la principauté de Morée au XIV siècle, Documents et recherches 9, Paris/La Haye 1969.

Marino Sanudo Torsello, Istoria del Regno di Romania, in: Chroniques Gréco-Romanes inédites ou peu connues publiées avec notes et tables généalogiques, Carl Hopf, ed., Paris 1873.

Matthaeus Parisiensis, Chronica Majora, Henry R. Luard, ed., Rerum Brittanicarum Medii Aevi Scriptores, 7 vols., London 1872–1883,

Michael Choniates, Epistulae, Foteini Kolovou (ed.), Corpus Fontium Historiae Byzantinae. Series Berolinensis 41, Berlin 2001.

Mošin Vladimir, ed., Zbornik srednjovekovnih ćiriličkih povelja i pisama Srbije, Bosne i Dubrovnika 1: 1186–1321, Beograd 2011.

Niketas Choniates, Historia, ed. Jean-Louis Van Dieten, Corpus Fontium Historiae Bizantinae. Series Berolinensis 11, Berlin 1975.

Nikephoros Blemmydes, Autobiographia sive Curriculum Vitae necnon Epistola universalior, Joseph A. Munitiz, ed., Corpus Christianorum. Series Graeca 19, Turnhout 1984.

Nikephoros Gregoras, Bizantina Historia, Ludwig Schopen and Immanuel Bekker, eds., Corpus Scriptorum Historiae Byzantinae, Bonn 1829–1855.

Nikolaos Mesarites, Die Disputation mit dem Kardinallegaten Benedikt und dem lateinischen Patriarchen Thomas Morosini am 30. August 1206, in: August Heisenberg, ed., “Neue Quellen zur Geschichte des lateinischen Kaisertums und der Kirchenunion 2/1”, Sitzungsberichte der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Philosophisch-philologische und historische Klasse (1923, 2. Abteilung) 15–25.

Nikolaos Mesarites, Der Bericht des Nikolaos Mesarites über die politischen und kirchlichen Ereignisse des Jahres 1214, in: August Heisenberg, ed., “Neue Quellen zur Geschichte des lateinischen Kaisertums und der Kirchenunion 3”, Sitzungsberichte der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Philosophisch-philologische und historische Klasse (1923, 3. Abteilung) 3–96.

Papadopoulos-Kerameus Athanasios, “Documents grecs pour servir à l’histoire de la quatrième croisade (liturgie et reliques)”, Revue de l’Orient latin 1 (1893) 540–555.

Riant E., ed., Exuviae Sacrae Constantinopolitanae, 2 vols., Geneva 1876.

Sévérien Salaville, “Fragment inédit de traduction grecque de la Règle de saint François”, Échos d’Orient 28 (1929) 167–172.

Salimbene de Adam, Cronica, Giuseppe Scalia, ed., Corpus Christianorum. Continuatio Mediaevalis, Turnhout 1998.

Tafel Gottlieb L. and Georg M. Thomas, Urkunden zur älteren Handels- und Staatsgeschichte der Republik Venedig, 3 vols., Fontes Rerum Austriacarum. Diplomataria et Acta, Wien 1856–1857.

The Chronicle of Morea, John Schmitt, ed., Byzantine Texts, London 1904.

The Fall of Constantinople, Fourth Crusade. A Critical Edition with Translation and Historical Commentary of the Codex 408 Marcianus Graecus (ff. 1–13v) in the Library of St. Mark, Corinna Matzukis, ed./tr., Venice/Athens 2004.

Theiner Augustin, Vetera monumenta historica Hungariam sacram illustrantia, 2 vols., Roma 1859–1860.

Tractatus Contra Errores Graecorum, Peter Stevart and Jean-Paul Migne, eds., Patrologia Graeca 140, Paris 1887, 487–574.

Vasiljevskij Vasily G., “Epirotica saeculi XIII”, Vizantiskij vremmenik 3 (1896) 233–299.

Secondary Works

Acheimastou-Potamianou Myrtali, “Monumental Painting on the Aegean Islands in the Thirteenth Century: Rhodes and Naxos”, in: Byzantine Art in the Aftermath of the Fourth Crusade. The Fourth Crusade and Its Consequences. International Congress, March 9–12, 2004, Panayotis L. Vocotopoulos, ed., Athens 2007, 25–30.

Aerts W.J., “Proverbial passages taken from Vincent of Beauvais’ ‘Speculum Doctrinale’ translated into Medieval Greek: the methods of translation used by the anonymous Greek author”, in: Vincent of Beauvais and Alexander the Great. Studies on the ‘Speculum Maius’ and its translations into medieval vernaculars, Idem, E.R. Smits, and J. B. Voorbij, eds., Mediaevalia Groningana 7, Groningen 1986, 141–176.

Agapitos Panagiotis A. and Ole L. Smith, The Study of Medieval Greek Romance. A Reassessment of Recent Work, Copenhagen 1992.

Agrigoroaei Vladimir, “Traduction et sotériologie. Nouvelles recherches au sujet du Barlaam français du Mont Athos”, in: Francofoni medievali: lingue e litterature gallo-romanze fuori di Francia (sec. XII–XV), Anna Maria Babbi and Chiara Concina, eds., Studi Medioevi, Verona 2016, 229–249.

Ahrweiler Hélène, “La ‘pronoia’ à Byzance,” in: Structures féodales et féodalisme dans l’Occident méditerranéen (Xe – XIIIe siècles). Bilan et perspectives de recherches, Colloque international organisé par le centre national de la recherche scientifique et l’école française de Rome (Rome, 10–13 octobre 1978), Collection de l’école française de Rome 44, Rome 1980, 681–689.

Allard André, “Le premier traité byzantin de calcul indien: classement des manuscrits et édition critique du texte”, Revue d’histoire des textes 7 (1977) 57–64.

Alpers Klaus, “Zonarae Lexicon,” in: Brill’s New Pauly. Antiquity volumes, Hubert Cancik and Helmuth Schneider, eds., http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1574-9347_bnp_e12217830 (first published online 2006).

Angold Michael, A Byzantine Government in Exile. The Empire of Nicaea, Oxford 1975.

Angold Michael, The Fourth Crusade: Event and Context, Harlow 2003.

Angold Michael, “The Latin Empire of Constantinople, 1204–1261: Marriage Strategies”, in: Identities and allegiances in the Eastern Mediterranean after 1204, Judith Herrin and Guillaume Saint-Guillain, eds., Farnham 2011, 47–67.

Angold Michael, “Michael VIII Palaiologos and the Aegean”, in: Liquid and Multiple. Individuals and Ιdentities in the Thirteenth-Century Aegean, Guillaume Saint-Guillain and Dionysios Stathakopoulos, eds., Paris 2012, 27–44.

Angold Michael, “The Preliminaries of the Fourth Lateran Council (1215): From an Orthodox Perspective”, The Journal of Ecclesiastical History 70 (2019) 38–56.

Balard Michel, “L’historiographie occidentale de la quatrième croisade”, in: Urbs Capta. The Fourth Crusade and its consequences, Angeliki E. Laiou, ed., Paris 2005, 161–174.

Baraton Edouard, La Romanie orientale. L’empire de Constantinople et ses avatars au Levant à l’époque des Croisades (thèse doctorale, Université de Rouen 2018)

Bartusis Mark C., The late Byzantine army. Arms and society, 1204 – 1453, Philadelphia 1992.

Bartusis Mark C., Land and Privilege in Byzantium: The Institution of Pronoia, Cambridge 2012.

Beaton Roderick, The Medieval Greek Romance, Cambridge Studies in Medieval Literature 6, Cambridge 1989.

Bon Antoine, La Morée Franque. Recherches historiques, topographiques et archéologiques sur la principauté d’Achaïe (1205–1430), 2 vols., Bibliothèque des Ecoles françaises d’Athènes et de Rome 213, Paris 1969.

Booth Ian, “Theodore Laskaris and Paphlagonia, 1204–1214; towards a chronological description”, Archeion Pontou 50 (2003–2004) 151–224.

Borsari Silvano, Il dominio veneziano a Creta nel XIII secolo, Napoli 1963.

Bouchet René, Romans de chevalerie du moyen âge grec, Paris 2007.

Bouras Charalambos, “The Impact of Frankish Architecture on Thirteenth Century Byzantine Architecture,” in: Angeliki E. Laiou and Roy P. Mottahedeh, eds., The Crusades from the Perspective of the Byzantine and the Muslim World, Washington 2001, 247–262.

Bredenkamp François, “The ‘Sampson incident’ (ca. 1215) and the Deterioration of Epirote-Nicaean Orthodox Ecclesiastical Relations”, Byzantiaka 4 (1984) 9–31.

Bredenkamp François, The Byzantine Empire of Thessaloniki, 1224–1242, Thessaloniki 1996.

Brooke Rosalind B., The Image of Saint Francis. Responses to Sainthood in the Thirteenth Century, Cambrigde 2006.

Bryer A.M., The Empire of Trebizond and the Pontos, London 1980.

Bryer Anthony, “David Komnenos and Saint Eleutherios”, Archeion Pontou 42 (1988–89) 161–188.

Byden Börje, “‘Strangle Them with These Meshes of Syllogisms!’: Latin Philosophy in Greek Translations of the Thirteenth Century”, in: Interaction and Isolation in Late Byzantine Culture, Jan O. Rosenqvist, ed., Stockholm and New York 2004, 133–157.

Čanak-Medić Milka, Danica Popović, and Dragan Vojvodić, eds., Žiča Monastery, Belgrade 2014.

Carile Antonio, “Sulla pronoia nel Peloponneso Bizantino anteriormente alla conquista Latina”, Studi urbinati 46 (1972) 327–335.

Carile Antonio, “Rapporti fra signoria rurale e despoteia alla luce della formazione della rendita feudale nella Morea Latina del XIV secolo”, Rivista Storica Italiana 88 (1976) 548–570.

Carile Antonio, Per una storia dell’impero latino di Constantinopoli (1204–1261), 2nd ed., Bologna 1978.

Carile Antonio, “Signoria rurale e feudalesimo nell’Impero Latino di Constantinopoli (1204–1261)”, in: Structures féodales et féodalisme dans l’Occident méditerranéen (Xe – XIIIe siècles). Bilan et perspectives de recherches, Colloque international organisé par le centre national de la recherche scientifique et l’école française de Rome (Rome, 10–13 octobre 1978), Collection de l’école française de Rome 44, Rome 1980, 667–678.

Chatzidakis Nano, “The Character of the Painting of Icons from Latin-held Areas”, in: Byzantine Art in the Aftermath of the Fourth Crusade. The Fourth Crusade and its Consequences (International Congress, March 9–12, 2004), Panayotis L. Vocotopoulos, ed., Athens 2007, 133–142.

Cheynet Jean-Claude and Jean-François Vannier, “Les premiers Paléologues”, in: Études prosopographiques, Paris 1986, 133–186.

Cheynet Jean-Claude Cheynet, Pouvoir et Contestations à Byzance (963–1210), Byzantina Sorbonensia 9, Paris 1990.

Cheynet Jean-Claude, “Les droits concédés par les empereurs aux populations urbaines (Xe–XIV siècle),” in: Städte im lateinischen Westen und im griechischen Osten zwischen Spätantike und Früher Neuzeit: Topographie – Recht – Religion, Elisabeth Grüber, Mihailo Popović and Martin Scheutz, eds., Veröffentlichungen des Instituts für Österreichische Geschichtsforschung 66, Wien 2016, 149–163.

Clair Romain, “Les filles d’Hautecombe dans l’Empire latin de Constantinople”, Analecta Sacri Ordinis Cisterciensis 17 (1961) 262–277.

Colantuoni Alice, “Multilingual Traditions in Multilingual Contexts. State of the Art and Methodological Problems in the Study of the Chronicle of Morea (XIV c.)”, Byzantion 91 (2021) 75–98.

Congourdeau Marie-Hélène, “Frère Simon le Constantinopolitain, O.P. (1235?–1325?)”, Revue des études byzantines 45 (1987) 165–174.

Constantinides C.N., Higher Education in Byzantium in the Thirteenth and Early Fourteenth Centuries (1204–ca. 1310), Nicosia 1982.

Corrie Rebecca W., “The Kahn and Mellon Madonnas and Their Place in the History of the Virgin and Child Enthroned in Italy and the East”, in: Images of the Mother of God. Perceptions of the Theotokos in Byzantium, Maria Vassilaki, ed., Aldershot 2005, 293–303.

Coureas Nicholas, “The Latin and Greek Churches in former Byzantine Lands under Latin Rule”, in: A Companion to Latin Greece, Nickiphoros I. Tsougarakis and Peter Lock, eds., Brill’s Companion’s to European History 6, Leiden 2014, 145–184.

Cupane Carolina, “In the Realm of Eros: The Late Byzantine Vernacular Romance–Original Texts”, in: Fictional Storytelling in the Medieval Eastern Mediterranean and Beyond, Eadem and Bettina Krönung, eds., Brill’s Companions to the Byzantine World 1, Leiden 2016, 95–126.

Cupane Carolina, “Intercultural Encounters in the Late Byzantine Romances”, in: Reading the Late Byzantine Romance. A Handbook, Adam J. Goldwyn and Ingela Nilsson, eds., Cambridge 2019, 40–68.

Curta Florin, Eastern Europe in the Middle Ages (500–1300), Brill’s Companions to European History 19, Leiden 2019.

Dalleggio d’Allessio Eugenio, “Les sanctuaires urbains et suburbains de Byzance sous la domination latine, 1204–1261”, Revue des études byzantines 12 (1953) 50–61.

Darrouzès Jean, “Conference sur la primauté du Pape à Constantinople en 1357”, Revue des études byzantines 19 (1961) 76–109.

Darrouzès Jean, “Notes sur Euthyme Tornikès, Euthyme Malakès et Georges Tornikès”, Revue des Etudes Byzantines 23 (1965) 148–167.

Davies John, “Anna Komnene and Niketas Choniates ‘translated’: The Fourteenth-century Byzantine Metaphrases”, in: History as Literature in Byzantium: Papers from the Fortieth Spring Symposium of Byzantine Studies, Ruth Macrides, ed., Farnham 2010, 55–72.

Delacroix-Besnier Claudine, “Les prêcheurs, du dialogue à la polémique (XIIIe–XIVe siècle),” in: Greeks, Latins, and Intellectual History 1204–1500, Martin Hinterberger and Chris Schabel, eds., Bibliotheca 11 (Leuven 2011) 151–167.

Dondaine Antoine, “‘Contra Graecos.’ Premiers écrits polémiques des Dominicains d’Orient”, Archivum Fratrum Praedicatorum 21 (1951) 321–446.

Durand Jannic, “Diptyque en ivoire byzantin du xiiie siecle representant la Nativite, la Crucifixion et des prophètes”, La Revue des musées de France. Revue du Louvre (2013/3, juin) 11–13.

Ebbesen Sten, “Greek and Latin Medieval Logic”, Cahiers de l’institut du moyen-âge grec et latin 66 (1996) 67–95.

Ebbesen Sten, “Pachymeres and the Topics”, Cahiers de l’institut du moyen-âge grec et latin 66 (1996) 169–185.

Evans Helen C., ed., Byzantium: Faith and Power, New York 2004.

Ferluga Jadran, “L’aristocratie byzantine en Morée au temps de la conquête latine”, Byzantinische Forschungen 4 (1972) 76–87.

Fisher Elizabeth, “Monks, Monasteries and the Latin Language in Constantinople”, in: Change in the Byzantine World in the Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries, Ayla Ödekan, Engin Akyürek, and Nevra Necipoglu, eds., Istanbul 2010, 390–395.

Fisher Elizabeth, “Arabs, Latins and Persians Bearing Gifts: Greek Translations of Astronomical Texts, ca. 1300”, Byzantine and Modern Greek Studies 36 (2012) 161–177.

Fisher Elizabeth, “Homo Byzantinus and Homo Italicus in Late 13th-century Constantinople”, in: Dante and the Greeks, Jan M. Ziolkowski, ed., Dumbarton Oaks Medieval Humanities, Washington D.C. 2014, 63–82.

Folda Jaroslav, Crusader Art in the Holy Land, from the Third Crusade to the Fall of Acre, 1187–1291, Cambridge 2005.

Folda Jaroslav and Lucy J. Wrapson, Byzantine Art and Italian Panel Painting. The Virgin and Child Hodegetria and the Art of Chrysography, Cambridge 2015.

Gasparis Charalambos, “The Period of Venetian Rule on Crete”, in: Urbs capta. The Fourth Crusade and its Consequences, Angeliki Laiou, ed., Paris 2005, 233–246.

Gasparis Charalambos, “Catastica Feudorum Crete: Land Ownership and Political Changes in Medieval Crete (13th–15th Centuries)”, in: Diplomatics in the Eastern Mediterranean 1000–1500. Aspects of Cross-Cultural Communication, Alexander D. Beihammer, Maria G. Parani & Christopher D. Schabel, eds., The Medieval Mediterranean 74, Leiden 2008, 49–61.

Gasparis Charalambos, “Land and Landowners in the Greek Territories under Latin Dominion, 13th–14th Centuries,” in: A Companion to Latin Greece, Nickiphoros I. Tsougarakis and Peter Lock, eds., Brill’s Companion’s to European History 6, Leiden 2014, 73–113.

Gasparis Charalambos, Byzantine Families in Venetian Context: The Gavalas and Ialinas Families in Venetian Crete (XIIIth–XIVth centurries), Byzantina Symmeikta 29. Appendix, Athens 2019.

Gastgeber Christian, “Das ‘Epiros’-Dossier im Codex Vindobonensis theologicus graecus 276”, Jahrbuch der Österreichischen Byzantinistik 66 (2016) 1–109.

Georgopolou Maria, “Vernacular Architecture in Venetian Crete: Urban and Rural Practices”, Medieval Encounters 18 (2012) 447–480.

Georgopoulou Maria, “The Landscape of Medieval Greece”, in: A Companion to Latin Greece, Brill’s Companion’s to European History 6, Nickiphoros I. Tsougarakis and Peter Lock, eds., Leiden 2014, 326–368.

Gerstel Sharon and Michalis Kappas, “Between East and West: Locating Monumental Painting from the Peloponnese,” in: Cross-Cultural Interaction between Byzantium and the West 1204–1669, Angeliki Lymberopoulou, ed., Publications of the Society for the Promotion of Byzantine Studies 22 London and New York 2018, 175–202.

Grossman Heather E., “Syncretism Made Concrete: The Case for a Hybrid Moreote Architecture in Post-Fourth Crusade Greece,” in: Archaeology in Architecture. Papers in Honor of Cecil L. Striker, Deborah Deliyannis and Judson Emerick, eds., Mainz 2005, 65–73.

Giancarlo Prato, “La produzione libraria in area greco-orientale nel periodo del regno latino di Costantinopoli (1204–1261)”, Scrittura e Civiltà 5 (1981) 105–147.

Haldon John, The Social History of Byzantium, Chichester 2009.

Harvey Alan, Economic Expansion in the Byzantine Empire, Cambridge 1989.

Hendrickx-Sansaridou Thekla, “The Gasmules in the 13th and the 14th centuries: Social outcasts or advocates of cultural integration?”, Acta Patristica et Byzantina 8 (1997) 135–143.

Hendrickx Benjamin, “Boniface de Montferrat et Manuel Angelos, empereur ‘manqué’ de Byzance (1204)”, Byzantinos Domos 12 (2001) 71–75.

Hendrickx Benjamin and Thekla Sansaridou-Hendrickx, “Indigenous and local troops and soldiers in the service of the Latin conquerors of the Peloponnese after 1204”, Journal of Early Christian History 4 (2014) 43–51.

Hendrickx Benjamin and Thekla Sansaridou-Hendrickx, “Les institutions de la Principauté d’Achaïe sous les Villehardouin: la chancellerie et la trésorerie”, Byzantiaka 33 (2016) 265–294.

Hennessy Cecily, “Young People in Byzantium”, in: A Companion to Byzantium, Liz James ed., Chichester 2010, 81–92.

Herrin Judith, “Realities of Byzantine Provincial Government: Hellas and Peloponnesos, 1180–1205,” Dumbarton Oaks Papers 29 (1975) 252–284.

Herrin Judith, Margins and Metropolis: Authority across the Byzantine Empire, Princeton 2013.

Hoeck Johannes M. and Raimund J. Loenertz, Nikolaos-Nektarios von Otrante, Abt von Casole. Beiträge zur Geschichte der ost-westlichen Beziehungen unter Innozenz III. und Friedrich II., Studia patristica et bizantina 11, Ettal 1965.

Hoffman Jürgen, Rudimente von Territorialstaaten im byzantinischen Reich (1071–1210).

Untersuchungen über Unabhägigkeitsbestrebungen und ihr Verhältnis zu Kaiser und Reich, Miscellanea Byzantina Monacensia 17, München 1974.

Hunger Herbert, Die hochsprachliche profane Literatur der Byzantiner, Handbuch der klassischen Altertumswissenschaft 9, Munich 1978.

Hunger Herbert, ed., Anonyme Metaphrase zu Anna Komnene, Alexias XI–XIII. Ein Beitrag zur Erschließung der byzantinischen Umgangssprache, Wiener Byzantinistische Studien 15, Vienna 1981.

Ilieva Aneta, “The Phenomenon Leo Sgouros”, Etudes balkaniques 26 (1990) 31–51.

Jacoby David, “Les archontes grecs et la féodalité en Morée franque”, Travaux et Mémoires 2 (1967) 422–445.

Jacoby David, La féodalité en Grèce médiévale. Les ‘assises de Romanie’, sources, application et diffusion, Documents et recherches 10, Paris/La Haye 1971.

Jacoby David, “Les ‘Assises de Romanie’ et le droit vénitien dans les colonies vénitiennes”, in: Venezia e il Levante fino al secolo XV, vol. 1.1, Firenze 1973, 347–360.

Jacoby David, “The Encounter of Two Societies: Western Conquerors and Byzantines in the Peloponnesus after the Fourth Crusade”, American Historical Review 78 (1973) 873–906.

Jacoby David, “Les états latins en Romanie: phénomènes sociaux et économiques (1204 – 1350 environ)”, in: XVe Congrès international d’Etudes byzantines. Rapports et co-rapports, Athènes 1976.

Jacoby David, “From Byzantium to Latin Romania: Continuity and Change”, Mediterranean Historical Review 4 (1989) 1–44.

Jacoby David, “Social Evolution in Latin Greece,” in: A History of the Crusades. Vol. 6: The Impact of the Crusades on Europe, Norman P. Zacour and Harry W. Hazard, eds., Madison 1989, 165–222.

Jacoby David, “The Venetian Presence in the Latin Empire of Constantinople (1204–1261): The Challenge of Feudalism and the Byzantine Inheritance”, Jahrbuch der Österreichischen Byzantinistik 43 (1993) 141–201.

Jacoby David, “La colonisation militaire vénitienne de la Crète au XIIIe s.: une nouvelle approche”, in: Le partage du monde. Proceedings of colloquium at Toulouse-Conques 1995, Michel Balard and Alain Ducellier, eds., Paris 1997, 297–313.

Jacoby David, “Changing economic patterns in Latin Romania: the impact of the West,” in: The Crusades from the Perspective of the Byzantine and the Muslim World, Angeliki E. Laiou and Roy P. Mottahedeh, eds., Washington D.C. 2001, 197–233.

Jacoby David, “Les Génois dans le duché d’Athènes au 13e siècle”, Histoire médiévale et archéologie 13 (2002) 267–273.

Jacoby David, “New evidence on the Greek peasantry in Latin Romania”, in: Porphyrogenita: Essays on the History and Literature of Byzantium and the Latin East in Honour of Julian Chrysostomides, Charalambos Dendrinos, Eirene Harvalia-Crook, Jonathan Harris and Judith Herrin, eds., Aldershot 2003, 239–252.

Jacoby David, “The Demographic Evolution of Euboea under Latin Rule, 1205–1470,” in: The Greek Islands and the Sea, Proceedings of the First International Colloquium held at the Hellenic Institute, Royal Holloway, Univ. of London, 21–22 September 2001, Julian Chrysostomides, Charalambos Dendrinos and Jonathan Harris, eds., Camberley 2004, 131–179.

Jacoby David, “The Greeks of Constantinople under Latin Rule 1204–1261”, in: The Fourth Crusade: Event, Aftermath, and Perceptions. Papers from the Sixth Conference of the  society for the Study of the Crusades and the Latin East, Istanbul, Turkey, 25–29 August 2004,

Thomas F. Madden, ed., Aldershot 2008, 53–73.

Jacoby David, “The Economy of Latin Greece,” in: A Companion to Latin Greece, Nickiphoros I. Tsougarakis and Peter Lock, eds., Brill’s Companion’s to European History 6, Leiden 2014, 185–216.

Janin Raymond, “Les sanctuaires de Byzance sous la domination latine”, Etudes Byzantines 2 (1944) 134–184.

Janin Raymond, La géographie ecclésiastique de l’empire byzantin. Vol. 1: Le siège de Constantinople et le patriarchat oecuménique, Paris 1969.

Janin Raymond, Les églises et les monastères des grands centres byzantins (Bythinie, Hellespont, Latros, Gaèsios, Trébizonde, Athènes, Thessalonique), Paris 1975.

Jeffreys Elizabeth, “Medieval Greek Epic Poetry”, in: Medieval Oral Literature, K. Reichl, ed., Berlin 2012, 459–477.

Jeffreys Elizabeth, “Byzantine Romances: Eastern or Western?”, in: Renaissance Encounters: Greek East and Latin West, Medieval and Renaissance Authors and Texts 8, Marina S. Brownlee and Dimitri H. Gondicas, eds., Leiden 2013, 221–237.

Jolivet-Levy Cathérine, “La peinture à Constantinople au XIIIe siècle. Contacts et échanges avec l’Occident”, in: Orient & Occident méditerranéens au XIIIe siècle. Les programmes picturaux, Fabienne Joubert and Jean-Pierre Caillet, eds., Paris 2012, 21–40.

Kaffa Elena, The Greek Church of Cyprus, the Morea and Constantinople during the Frankish Era (1196–1303). A New Perspective, Newcastle upon Tyne 2014.

Kalopissi-Verti Sophia, Dedicatory inscriptions and Donor Portraits in Thirteenth-Century Churches of Greece, Veröffentlichungen der Kommission für die Tabula Imperii Byzantini 5, Wien 1992.

Kalopissi-Verti Sophia, “Relations between East and West in the Lordship of Athens and Thebes after 1204: Archaeological and Artistic Evidence”, in: Archaeology and the Crusades. Proceedings of the Round Table, Nicosia, 1 February 2005, Peter Edbury and idem, eds., Athens 2007, 1–33.

Kalopissi-Verti Sophia, “The Impact of the Fourth Crusade on Monumental Painting in the Peloponnese and Eastern Central Greece up to the End of the Thirteenth Century”, in: Byzantine Art in the Aftermath of the Fourth Crusade. The Fourth Crusade and its Consequences (International Congress, March 9–12, 2004), Panayotis L. Vocotopoulos, ed., Athens 2007, 82–88.

Kalopissi-Verti Sophia, “Monumental Art in the Lordship of Athens and Thebes under Frankish and Catalan Rule (1212–1388): Latin and Greek Patronage”, in: A Companion to Latin Greece, Nickiphoros I. Tsougarakis and Peter Lock, eds., Brill’s Companion’s to European History 6, Leiden 2014, 326–368.

Kanev Nikolay, “Alexius Slav – The Contender of Henri de Hainaut for the Bulgarian Imperial Throne [in Bulgarian]”, in: Velikite Asenevtsi, Veliko Trnovo 2016, 84–99.

Karpozilos Apostolos D., The Ecclesiastical Controversy between the Kingdom of Nicaea and the Principality of Epiros (1217–1233), Byzantina Keimena kai Melatai 7, Thessalonike 1973.

Kazhdan Alexander, “Pronoia: The History of a Scholarly Discussion”, Mediterranean Scholarly Review 10 (1995) 133–163.

Kiesewetter Andreas, “Megareites di Brindisi, Maio di Monopoli e la signoria sulle isole ionie (1185–1250)”, Archivio storico pugliese 59 (2006) 45–90.

Koder Johannes and Friedrich Hild, Hellas und Thessalia, Tabula Imperii Byzantini 1, Wien 1976.

Kolovou Foteini, “Euthymios Tornikes als Briefschreiber. Vier unedierte Briefe des Euthymios Tornikes an Michael Choniates im Codex Buc. Gr. 508”, Jahrbuch der Österreichischen Byzantinistik 45 (1995) 53–74.

Kordoses Michael S., Southern Greece under the Franks (1204–1262). A Study of the Greek Population and the Orthodox Church under the Frankish Dominion, Scientific Journal of the Faculty of Arts. Supplement 33, Joannina 1987.

Korobeinikov Dimitri, Byzantium and the Turks in the Thirteenth Century, Oxford 2014.

Kotzabassi Sofia, “The Monastery of Pantokrator between 1204 and 1453”, Byzantinisches Archiv 27 (2013) 57–69.

Koumanoudi Marina, “The Latins in the Aegean after 1204”, in: Urbs capta. The Fourth Crusade and its Consequences, Angeliki Laiou, ed., Paris 2005, 258–263.

Kouroupakis Apostolos and Christopher Schabel, “Bishop Benedetto of Cephalonia, 1207–post 1239”, Mediterranean Historical Review 32 (2017) 139–152.

Laiou Angeliki, ed., Urbs Capta. The Fourth Crusade and its consequences, Paris 2005.

La Monte John L., “Three Questions concerning the Assises de Jerusalem”, Byzantina-Metabyzantina 1 (1945) 201–211.

Langdon John S., John III Ducas Vatatzes’ Byzantine Empire in Anatolian Exile, 1222–54. The Legacy of His Diplomatic, Military and Internal Program for the “Restitutio Orbis”, Ann Arbor 1980.

Lefort Jacques, “Rural Economy and Social Relations in the Countryside”, Dumbarton Oaks Papers 47 (1993) 101–113.

Lemerle Paul, The Agrarian History of Byzantium from the Origins to the Twelfth Century, Galway 1979.

Lilie Ralph-Johannes, “Des Kaisers macht und Ohnmacht. Zum Zerfall des Zentralgewalt in Byzanz vor dem 4. Kreuzzug”, in: Poikila Byzantina 4. Varia 1, Bonn 1984, 9–120.

Lock Peter “The Frankish Towers of Central Greece”, Annual of the British School at Athens 81 (1986) 101–124.

Lock Peter, “The Military Orders in Mainland Greece”, in: The Military Orders. Fighting for the Faith and Caring for the Sick, London 1994, 333–339.

Loenertz Raymond-Joseph, “Les seigneurs tierciers de Négrepont de 1205 à 1280”, Byzantion 35 (1965) 235–276.

Loizou Chrystalla, “The Medieval Towers in the Landscape of Euboea: Landmarks of Feudalism”, Journal of Greek Archaeology 1 (2016) 331–352.

Longnon Jean, Problèmes de l’histoire de la principauté de Morée”, Journal des Savants (1946) 77–93, 147–161.

Longnon Jean, L’empire latin de Constantinople, Paris 1949.

Longnon Jean, “Les Assises de Romanie”, Journal des Savants (1953) 13–26.

Longnon Jean, “La vie rurale dans la Grèce franque”, Journal des Savants (1965) 343–357.

Madden Thomas F., “Outside and inside the fourth crusade”, International History Review 17 (1995) 726–743.

Madden Thomas F., ed., The Fourth Crusade: Event, Aftermath, and Perceptions. Papers from the Sixth Conference of the Society for the Study of the Crusades and the Latin East, Istanbul, Turkey, 25–29 August 2004, Crusades – Subsidia 2, Aldershot 2008.

Madden Thomas F., “The Latin Empire of Constantinople’s Fractured Foundation: The Rift between Boniface of Montferrat and Baldwin of Flanders”, in: The Fourth Crusade: Event, Aftermath, and Perceptions. Papers from the Sixth Conference of the Society for the Study of the Crusades and the Latin East, Istanbul, Turkey, 25–29 August 2004, Thomas F. Madden, ed., Aldershot 2008, 45–52.

Madgearu Alexandru, The Asanids. The Political and Military History of the Second Bulgarian Empire (1185–1280), Eastern Europe in the Middle Ages 41, Leiden 2017.

Magdalino Paul, “A Neglected Authority for the History of the Peloponnese in the Early XIIIth Cent.: Demetrios Chomatianos, Archbishop of Bulgaria”, Byzantinische Zeitschrift 70 (1977) 316–323.

Magdalino Paul, The Empire of Manuel I Komnenos (1143–1180), Cambridge 1993. 

Magdalino Paul, L’orthodoxie des astrologues. La science entre le dogme et la divination à Byzance, VIIe–XIVe siècle, Réalités byzantines 12, Paris 2006.

Maltezou Chryssa A., “Cythère. Société et économie pendant la période de la domination vénitienne”, Balkan Studies 21 (1980) 33–43.

Maltezou Chryssa A., “Les Grecs de la Mer Egée pendant la période de la latinocratie”, in: Oriente y Ocidente en la Edad Media. Influjos bizantinos en la cultura occidental, P. Badenas and J.M. Egea, eds., Vitia/ Gasteiz 1993, 137–150.

Maltezou Chryssa A., “Byzantine ‘consuetudines’ in Venetian Crete”, Dumbarton Oaks Papers 49 (1996) 269–280.

Maltezou Chryssa A., “De la mer Égée à l’archipel : quelques remarques sur l’histoire insulaire égéenne”, in: Eupsuchia. Mélanges offerts à Hélène ahrweiler, Byzantina Sorbonensia 16, Paris 1998, 459–467.

Maxwell Kathleen, Between Constantinople and Rome: An Illuminated Gospel Book (Paris gr. 54) and the Union of Churches, Farnham 2014.

McDaniel Gordon L., “On Hungarian-Serbian Relations in the Thirteenth Century: John Angelos and Queen Jelena”, Ungarn-Jahrbuch 12 (1982–83) 44–54.

McGuire Brendan J., “Evidence for religious accommodation in Latin Constantinople: a new approach to bilingual liturgical texts”, Journal of Medieval History 39 (2013) 342–356.

McKee Sally, Uncommon Dominion. Venetian Crete and the Myth of Ethnic Purity, The Middle Ages Series, Philadelphia 2000.

Mergiali-Falangas Sophia, “L’Ecole Saint Paul de l’Orphelinat à Constantinople: bref aperçu sur son statut et son histoire”, Revue des Etudes Byzantines 49 (1991) 237–246.

Métivier Sophie, “Byzantium in question in 13th century Seljuk Anatolia”, in: Liquid & Multiple: Individuals & Identities in the Thirteenth-century Aegean, Guillaume Saint-Guillain and Dionysios Stathakopoulos, eds., Paris 2012, 234–257.

Mitsani Angeliki, “Monumental Painting in the Cyclades during the 13th century”, Deltion tis Christianikis Archaialogikis Etaireias 21 (2000) 93–122.

Mitsiou Ekaterini, “Networks of Nicaea: 13th-century Socio-economic Ties, Structures and Prosopography”, in: Liquid and Multiple: Individuals and Identities in the Thirteenth-Century Aegean, Guillaume Saint-Guillan and D. Stathakopoulos, eds., Paris 2012, 91–104.

Nader Marwan, Burgesses and Burgess Law in the Latin Kingdoms of Jerusalem and Cyprus (1099–1325), Aldershot 2006.

Negrau Elisabeta, “The Ruler’s Portrait in Byzantine Art. A Few Observations regarding Its Functions”, European Journal of Science and Theology 7 (2011) 63–75.

Neville Leonora, Authority in Byzantine Provincial Society, 950–1100, Cambridge 2004.

Nicol Donald M., The Despotate of Epiros, Oxford 1957.

Nicol Donald M., “Refugees, mixed population and local patriotism in Epiros and western Macedonia after the fourth crusade”, in: XVe Congrès international d’Etudes byzantines. Rapports et co-rapports, (Athènes 1976)

Obolensky Dimitri, Six Byzantine Portraits, Oxford 1988.

Oikonomides Nicholas, “The Role of the Byzantine State in the Economy”, in: The Economic History of Byzantium, Angeliki E. Laiou, ed., Washington D.C. 2002, vol. 3, 1024–1057.

Ortalli Gherardo, Giorgio Ravegnani and Peter Schreiner, eds., Quarta crociata. Venezia, Bisanzio, Impero latino, 2 vols., Venice 2006.

Osswald Brendan, L’Epire du treizième au quinzième siècle: autonomie et hétérogénéité d’une région balkanique (thèse doctorale, Université de Toulouse 2011)

Ostrogorsky George and Henri Grégoire, tr., Pour l’histoire de la féodalité byzantine, Bruxelles, 1954.

Ostrogorsky George, “Pour l’histoire de l’immunité à Byzance”, Byzantion 28 (1958) 165–254.

Ostrogorsky George, “Die pronoia unter den Komnenen”, Zbornik Radova Vizantološkog Instituta 12 (1970) 41–54.

Ousterhout Robert, “Architecture and Cultural Identity in the Eastern Mediterranean”, in: Hybrid Cultures in Medieval Europe, Michael Borgolte and Bernd Schneidmüller, eds., Berlin 2010, 261–275.

Page Gill, “Literature in Frankish Greece”, in: A Companion to Latin Greece, Nickiphoros I. Tsougarakis and Peter Lock, eds., Brill’s Companions to European History 6, Leiden 2014, 317–324.

Panayotidi Maria, “Les peintures murales de Saint-Georges de Lathrino à Naxos”, Deltion tis Christianikis Archaialogikis Etaireias 16 (1991–1992) 139–154.

Papalexandrou Amy, “The Architectural Layering of History in the Medieval Morea. Monuments, Memories and Fragments of the Past,” in: Viewing the Morea. Land and People in the Late Medieval Peloponnese, Sharon E. Gerstel, ed., Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection, Washington D.C. 2013, 23–54.

Patlagean Evelyne, “‘Economie paysanne’ et ‘Féodalité byzantine’”, Annales. Economies, Sociétés, Civilisations 30 (1975) 1371–1396.

Paulmier-Foucart Monique and Serge Lusignan, “Vincent de Beauvais et l’histoire du Speculum Maius”, Journal des Savants 1 (1990) 97–124.

Perez Martin Inmaculada, “El libro de Actor. Una traducción bizantina del Speculum doctrinale de Beauvais (Vat. Gr. 12 y 1144)”, Revue des études byzantines 55 (1997) 81–137.

Perez Martin Inmaculada, “The Transmission of Some Writings by Psellos in Thirteenth-century Constantinople”, in: Theologica Minora: The Minor Genres of Byzantine Theological Literature, Antonio Rigo, ed., Byzantios. Studies in Byzantine History and Civilization 8, Turnhout 2013, 159–174.

Phillips Jonathan, The Fourth Crusade and the Sack of Constantinople, London 2005.

Prinzing Günter, Die Bedeutung Bulgariens und Serbiens in den Jahren 1204–1219 im Zusammenhang mit der Entstehung und Entwicklung der byzantinischen Teilstaaten nach der Einnahme Konstantinopels infolge des 4. Kreuzzuges, Miscellanea Byzantina Monacensia 12, Munich 1972.

Puech Vincent, “The Aristocracy and the Empire of Nicaea, in: Identities and allegiances in the Eastern Mediterranean after 1204, Judith Herrin and Guillaume Saint-Guillain, eds., Farnham 2011, 69–80.

Queller Donald E., The Latin conquest of Constantinople, New York 1971.

Donald E. Donald E. and Thomas F. Madden, The Fourth Crusade. The Conquest of Constantinople, 2nd ed., Philadelphia 1997.

Richard Jean, “The Establishment of the Latin Church in the Empire of Constantinople (1204–27)”, Mediterranean Historical Review 4 (1989) 45–62.

Riedl Andrea, Kirchenbild und Kircheneinheit. Der dominikanische Tractatus contra Graecos (1252) in seinem theologischen und historischen Kontext, Veröffentlichungen des rabmann-Institutes zur Erforschung der mittelalterlichen Theologie und Philosophie 69, Berlin 2020.

Saint-Guillain Guillaume, “Deux îles grecques au temps de l’empire latin. Andros et Lemnos au XIIIe siècle”, Mélanges de l’école française de Rome. Moyen Âge 113 (2001) 579–620.

Saint-Guillain Guillaume, “Seigneuries insulaires: les Cyclades au temps de la domination latine (XIIIe–Xve siècle)”, Médiévales. Langues, textes, histoire 47 (2004) 31–45.

Saint-Guillain Guillaume, “The Conquest of Monemvasia by the Franks: Date and Context”, Rivista di studi bizantini e neoellenici, n.s. 52 (2015) 253–257.

Sampsonis Florence, “L’administration de la Morée par Charles Ier d’Anjou (1267–1285). L’apport majeur d’une source délicate: les registres angevins”, Mélanges de l’Ecole française de Rome. Moyen-Age 120 (2008) 139–157.

Sanders Guy, “Use of Ancient Spolia to Make Personal and Political Statements: William of Moerbeke’s Church at Merbaka (Ayia Triada, Argolida)”, Hesperia 84 (2015), 583–626.

Christopher Walter, The Warrior Saints in Byzantine Art and Tradition, Ashgate 2003, 109–143.

Savvides Alexis S., “A Note on the Death of Leo Sgurus in A.D. 1208”, Byzantine and Modern Greek Studies 12 (1988) 289–295.

Schmalzbauer Gudrun, “Die Tornikioi in der Palaiologenzeit. Prosopographischer Untersuchung zu einer byzantinischen Familie”, Jahrbuch der Österreichischen Byzantinistik 18 (1969) 115–135.

Setton Kenneth M., “Athens in the later XIIth century”, Speculum 19 (1944) 179–208.

Setton Kenneth M., The Papacy and the Levant (1204 – 1571). Vol. 1: The Thirteenth and Fourteenth Centuries, Philadelphia, 1976.

Shawcross Teresa, The Chronicle of Morea. Historiography in Crusader Greece, Oxford Studies in Byzantium, Oxford 2009.

Shawcross Teresa, “The Aftermath of the Fourth Crusade: The Lost Generation (c. 1204 – c. 1222): Political Allegiance and Local Interests under the Impact of the 4th Crusade”, in: Identities and allegiances in the Eastern Mediterranean after 1204, Judith Herrin and Guillaume Saint-Guillain, eds., Farnham 2011, 9–45.

Shawcross Teresa, “Greeks and Franks after the Fourth Crusade: Identity in the Chronicle of Morea”, in: Languages of Love and Hate: Conflict, Communication, and Identity in the Medieval Mediterranean, Sarah Lambert and Helen Nicholson, eds., Turnhout 2012, 141–158.

Shawcross Teresa, “Golden Athens: Episcopal Wealth and Power in Greece at the Time of the Crusades”, in: Contact and Conflict in Frankish Greece and the Aegean, 1204–1453,1 Nikolaos G. Chrissis and Mike Carr, eds., Crusades – Subsidia 5, Farnham 2014, 65–96.

Simon Dieter, “Witwe Sachlikina gegen Witwe Horaia”, in: Fontes Minores 6, Forschungen zur Byzantinischen Rechtsgeschichte 11, Frankfurt am Main 1984, 325–375.

Soteriou Georgios, “He Hagia Trias tou Kranidiou”, Epeteris tes hetaireas byzantinon spoudon 3 (1926) 193–205.

Stadtmüller Georg, Michael Choniates, Metropolit von Athen, Orientalia Christiana Analecta 33, Roma 1934.

Striker Cecil L. and Y. Dogan Kuban, eds., Kalenderhane in Istanbul: The Buildings, Their History, Architecture, and Decoration, Mainz 1997.

Tautu Aloysius L., “Margarethe di Ungheria imperatrice di Bisancio”, Antemurale 3 (1956) 51–79.

Thiriet Freddy, La Romanie vénitienne au moyen âge. Le développement et l’exploitation du domaine colonial vénitien (XIIe – XVe siècles, Paris 1959.

Tihon Anne, “Traités byzantins sur l’astrolabe”, Physis. Rivista internazionale di storia della scienza 32 (1995) 323–357.

Todić Branislav, “The Symbolical Investiture of the Archbishop Basil of Bulgaria at Melnik”, Zograf 32 (2008) 59–68.

Topping Peter, “The formation of the Assizes of Romania”, Byzantion 17 (1944/45) 304–314.

Topping Peter, Feudal Institutions as revealed in the Assises of Romania. The Law Code of Frankish Greece, Translations and Reprints from Original Sources of History. Series 3.3, Philadelphia 1949.

Topping Peter, “Co-existence of Greeks and Latins in Frankish Morea and Venetian Crete,” in: XVe Congrès international d’Etudes byzantines. Rapports et co-rapports, Athènes 1976.

Tsougarakis Dimitrios, “La tradizione culturale bizantina nel primo periodo della dominazione Veneziana a Creta. Alcune osservazioni in merito alla questione dell’identità culturale”, in: Venezia e Creta. Atti del Convegno Internazionale di Studi, Istituto Veneto di Scienze, Lettere ed Arti, Gherardo Ortalli, ed., Venice 1998, 510–22.

Tsougarakis Nickiphoros I., The Western Religious Orders in Medieval Greece, Leeds 2008.

Uspenskij Fjodor I., Organisation of the Second Bulgarian Empire [in Russian], Odessa 1879.

Uyar Tolga, “Thirteenth-Century Byzantine Painting in Cappadocia: New Evidence”, in: First International Byzantine Studies Symposium. Change in the Byzantine World in the Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries, Ayla Odekan, Engin Akyurek and Nevra Necipoglu, eds., Istanbul 2010, 617–625.

Van Dieten Jan Louis, “Die drei Fassungen der Historia des Niketas Choniates über die Eroberung von Konstantinopel und die Ereignisse danach,” in: Lesarten: Festschrift für Athanasios Kambylis zum 70. Geburtstag dargebracht von Schülern, Kollegen und Freunden, Ioannis Vassis, ed., Berlin 1998, 137–160.

Van Tricht Filip, “‘La Gloire de l’Empire.’ L’idée impériale de Henri de Flandre-Hainaut, deuxième empereur latin de Constantinople (1206–1216)”, Byzantion 70 (2000) 211–241.

Van Tricht Filip, “La politique étrangère de l’empire de Constantinople, de 1210 à 1216. Sa Position en Méditerrannée orientale: problèmes de chronologie et d’interprétation (première partie)”, Le Moyen Age 107/2 (2001) 219–238.

Van Tricht Filip, “La politique étrangère de l’empire de Constantinople, de 1210 à 1216. Sa Position en Méditerrannée orientale: problèmes de chronologie et d’interprétation (deuxième partie)”, Le Moyen Age 107/3–4 (2001) 409–438.

Van Tricht Filip, The Latin Renovatio of Byzantium. The Empire of Constantinople (1204–1228), The Medieval Mediterranean 90, Leiden 2011.

Van Tricht Filip, “Robert of Courtenay (1221–1227): An Idiot on the Throne of Constantinople?”, Speculum 88 (2013) 996–1034.

Van Tricht Filip, “The Byzantino-Latin Principality of Adrianople”, Dumbarton Oaks Papers 68 (2015) 325–342.

Van Tricht Filip, “Venice’s Need for Settling the ‘Byzantine question’ by Conquest: The Fourth Crusade’s Second Siege of Constantinople (early 1204)”, in: Byzantion’dan Constantinopolis’e İstanbul Kuşatmaları, Murat Arslan and Turhan Kaçar, eds., Istanbul 2017, 311–334.

Van Tricht Filip, The Horoscope of Emperor Baldwin II. Political and Sociocultural Dynamics in Latin-Byzantine Constantinople, The Medieval Mediterranean, Leiden 2019.

Van Tricht Filip, “Latin Emperors and Serbian Queens: Anna and Helena”, Frankokratia 1 (2020) 56–107.

Van Tricht Filip, “Who Murdered Archbishop William of Rouen? The Valley of Philippi under Latin Rule (1204–circa 1224/25)”, Jahrbuch der Österreichischen Byzantinistik 70 (2020) 305–334.

Van Tricht Filip, “The Duchy of Philippopolis (1204–circa 1236/37?). A Latin Border Principality in a Byzantine (Greek/Bulgarian) Milieu”, Crusades 21 (2022) (forthcoming). Vasiliev Alexandre A., “The Foundation of the Empire of Trebizond”, Speculum 11 (1936) 1–37.

Vassilaki Maria, “Crete under Venetian Rule. The Evidence of the Thirteenth Century Monuments”, in: Byzantine Art in the Aftermath of the Fourth Crusade. The Fourth Crusade and Its Consequences. International Congress, March 9–12, 2004, Panayotis L. Vocotopoulos, ed., Athens 2007, 42–46.

Violante Tommaso M., “Innocenzo III e l’Oriente bizantino”, Nicolaus 24 (1997) 311–352.

Weitzmann Kurt, “Constantinopolitan Book Illumination in the Period of the Latin Conquest”, Gazette des Beaux-Arts 25 (1944) 193–214.

Wertner M., “Margarethe von Ungarn, Kaiserin von Griechenland und Königin von Thessalonich”, Vierteljahrschrift für Siegel-, Wappen- und Familienkunde 17 (1890) 219–255.

Westerlink Leendert G., “La profession de foi de Grégoire Chionidès”, Revue des études byzantines 38 (1980) 233–245.

Wolff Robert L., “The Organization of the Latin Patriarchate of Constantinople 1204–1261. Social and Administrative Consequences of the Latin Conquest”, Traditio 6 (1948) 33–60.

Wolff Robert L., “Politics in the Latin Patriarchate of Constantinople”, Dumbarton Oaks Papers 8 (1954) 225–304.

Wolff Robert L., Studies in the Latin Empire of Constantinople, London 1976.

Yiavis Kostas, “The Adaptations of Western Sources by Byzantine Vernacular Romances”, in: Fictional Storytelling in the Medieval Eastern Mediterranean and Beyond, Eadem and Bettina Krönung, eds., Brill’s Companions to the Byzantine World 1, Leiden 2016, 127–155.

Yordanov Kalin, “The Case of ‘S. princeps Philippensis’: Two letters by Pope Honorius III as a source for the relations between Alexius Slav and the Latins [in Bulgarian]”, Bulgaria Mediaevalis 8 (2017) 173–218.

Zarras Nektarios, “Identity and Patronage in Byzantium: Epigraphic Evidence and Donor Portraits of Naxos”, in: Inscriptions in the Byzantine and Post-Byzantine History and History of Art, Christos Stavrakos, ed., Wiesbaden 2016, 64–75.

Zepos Panayotis J., “Las Assises del Oriente,” Bizantion-Nea Hellas 7–8 (1985) 13–34.

Website Building Software